Tuesday, December 31, 2019

Essay about The Elizabethan Era - 674 Words

The Elizabethan era lasted from 1550-1625, it was a time of great change in English culture. â€Å"For perhaps the first time in history, man viewed his recent past with contempt, dismissing the Middle Ages, somewhat unfairly, as a hopelessly backward period.† (Kemper 67). Queen Elizabeth I ruled from 1558-1602. Queen Elizabeth drastically changed the design of clothing. She created new sumptuary laws that stated who could wear what distinct colors and articles of clothing. The Elizabethan era was a time of change in all aspects of life, especially the design, and laws governing clothing. Clothing was forever changed in the Elizabethan era. What came of this era was the Renaissance and the Reformation. Both of these periods in time had†¦show more content†¦Queen Elizabeth I made clothes bigger and more extreme. The type of clothes worn depended on the person’s social standing. Clothes were more vibrant in color the higher the class. Peasants could not afford to make such extravagant dyes for their clothes and would end up having a fainter color then the nobles. Noblemen wore hats with adornments, shirts with great detail, and breeches. Other small clothes were also worn with the clothes. And like women noblemen liked to wear jewels. â€Å"Elizabethan noblemen didnt believe in being understated. They loved wearing jewels -- the bigger, the better† (Sandeen). Although clothes brought out ones personality only some colors, and trims were allowed for each social class. The Sumptuary Laws were put into place many years ago to let only certain social classes wear certain colors. â€Å"The word sumptuary comes from the Latin word which means expenditure. Sumptuary Laws were imposed by rulers to curb the expenditure of the people† (Alchin). Queen Elizabeth created new Sumptuary Laws which were known as the â€Å"Status of Apparel†. All Sumptuary Laws were enforced and could be punished severely by the law. Punishments could range from small fines to death. There was a clause in the laws to allow noblemans entertainment to stay the same. Note also that the meaning of this order is not to prohibit a servant from wearing any cognizance of hisShow MoreRelatedThe Elizabethan Era1461 Words   |  6 PagesWay way back long ago there was a time period called â€Å"The Elizabethan era†. It was full of many wonderful things, such as fashion. They had a very particular fashion. The Elizabethan era was the Queen Elizabeth Is reign which was from 1558–1603. It took place in England. It is also known as the golden age. This also happened to be when Elizabethan Theatre began to grow and playwrights like Shakespeare composed many plays that changed the way of the old style theatre ways. Towards the end of QueenRead MoreThe During The Elizabethan Era Essay1080 Words   |  5 PagesThe Elizabethan theater became a central part of social life in Shakespeare’s time and was a form of entertainment that took people’s minds off the daily hardships during the Elizabethan era. The Elizabethan era is known for its English nationalism and advancements of arts during the English Renaissance. Because of this, the Elizabethan era is considered to be the height of the English Renaissance. England’s working class had a difficult life. Powerful lords owned and governed local districts thatRead MoreThe Elizabethan Era Of Europe1531 Words   |  7 PagesThe Elizabethan era also known as the Tudor period of Europe was an amazing time to be an artist in Europe There were so much culture and life that was created during that time. According to many historians, this time period was the Golden Age of Europe. The Elizabethan era took place between the years 1558-1608. As alluded to be the name of the period this was during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. This Period also was full of Europe colonizing the world. One of Queen Elizabeth’s most famous ChartersRead MoreMedicine in The Elizabethan Era Essay928 Words   |  4 Pages Did you know there was a time where infectious diseases like the common cold could kill you and your family? This was the elizabethan era probably the last time where sickness became the â€Å"grimm reaper† before modern medical advancements. With infectious diseases spreading and killing so many people doctors became desperate. Because these doctors knew very little about medicine, they were completely willing to try experimental treatments on their patients (Alchin). Sadly just about anybody withRead MoreElizabethan Era Crime and Punishment728 Words   |  3 PagesIn the Elizabethan era, doing a crime was the worst mistake of all, depending on how big your crime was, people had to know that their lives were at risk. Every crime was big before, even â€Å"crimes of treason and offenses against the state were treated with that murder and rape today.†(Elizabethan Crime and Punishment) â€Å"Offenses such as manslaughter, robbery, rape, piracy and capital crimes enti tled one to hanging, usually in the town square.† (Elizabethan crime and Punishment) During Queen Elizabeth’sRead MoreThe Elizabethan Era in England Essay1588 Words   |  7 PagesThe Elizabethan Era is often referred to as the Golden Age of England (A Changing View...). The Elizabethan Era, named after Queen Elizabeth I, was a time of change and discovery (Elizabethan Superstitions). Elizabeth ruled in a time of religious turmoil; both the Catholics and Protestants fought to be the official religion of England. (Elizabethan World View). Many people throughout England struggled to find the â€Å"correct† religion (Elizabethan World View). Religion was changing and so did scienceRead MoreFashion During the Elizabethan Era Essay1243 Words   |  5 Pages Have you ever wondered what people in the Elizabethan Era wore? Fashion was just as important in those days as it is to some people today. What people were wearing mattered to others, and even the government. Du ring the Elizabethan Era clothing, accessories, and cosmetics were all a part of daily life. During the Elizabethan Era, there were a set of rules controlling which classes could wear which clothing called the Sumptuary Laws. The Sumptuary Laws controlled the colors and types of clothingRead MoreEssay on Clothes and Fashion of the Elizabethan Era1050 Words   |  5 PagesOf all aspects of Elizabethan culture, the most distinctive is probably the clothing and fashion. A lot of the clothing varied to whether they were a member of the nobility, upper class or the poor. But even if a women or man was wealthy or poor, they were not allowed to wear whatever they wanted. It was a highly fashioned age that prized a look that was artificial, elaborate, and striking. The style of clothing of the Elizabethan Era are easily recognizable today and popular with designers of historicRead MoreEssay on Elizabethan Era Music and Musician535 Words   |  3 PagesHow is Elizabethan Era music different from the music that we listen to during this period of time? The music during the Elizabeth an era is different from today’s music; For example the music during the Elizabethan era is very significant to them due to the fact that it was history being made. This paper will provide you with more information about the music during the Elizabethan era. In fact, Elizabethan tried to please people in the entertainment industry with different musicRead MorePerspectives Of Hamlet During The Elizabethan Era1604 Words   |  7 PagesPerspectives of Hamlet during the Elizabethan Era By: Aanshi Gandhi One of the many beautiful aspects of art is that it gets perceived in many unique ways depending on the viewer’s cultural, political and social views and standpoints. Literature experiences different interpretations all the time and authors use this to their advantage to create a piece of work which remains evergreen. Shakespeare evidently utilises this technique in his most intriguing, and fascinating literary piece, Hamlet. Stuck

Monday, December 23, 2019

Why My Administration Skills Become A Solid Foundation

expanding on each opportunity. My administration skills became more valuable to the organization as new hires were assigned to me with the aim of establishing a solid foundation. As I developed my business relationships, it was now time to seek a more specialized field of banking. During my search for personal growth and development, I was fortunate enough to be solicited by a member of the HR division of Regions Bank. They were seeking a relationship manager to establish a portfolio of business clients. After a few meetings, and negotiating, I was offered the position as a Business Banker Associate. I welcomed this opportunity to specialize in an area that had caught my attention for some time. This position required effective†¦show more content†¦I directed, established and controlled the referral process to meet the demands of the bank. I remained accessible to the staff which allowed them to exceed their referral goals set by the organization. One of the main skillsets I taught was that of engaging with customers and actively listening to uncover their needs. Over time, I fostered solid relationships with teammates, business partners, and other centers of influence. During my time at Regions Bank I represented the bank by becoming an active membe r of several community organizations. Some of them included, West Kendall business association, Chamber South, and Business Network International. These organizations allowed me to form alliances with other professionals and develop a successful referral system. Added to that, I was involved by representing the bank at many of the networking expositions at the time; manning the booths at the Expos, thereby increasing the banks visibility. Also, my public speaking skills grew as I articulated on behalf of the organization at every breakfast networking event. In 2003 more opportunities came knocking, this time at a smaller institution, but greater specialization. In 2003 I joined First Bank Florida as VP Business Banking Relationship Manager. I developed an action plan that comprised the following: (a) An initial plan, (b) 30-day plan, and (c) 60-day plan. ThisShow MoreRelatedHCS 449 Week 4 Professional Career Action Plan1229 Words   |  5 PagesCapstone HCS 449 John Weiss October 05, 2014 Professional Career Action Plan I am at an exciting point in my life and career. Being in my capstone class for the Health Care Administration program and earning my Bachelor’s degree through the University of Phoenix is an achievement that I would not have given myself credit for just two years ago. I was given the biggest vote of confidence by my previous employer to go back to school and earn a degree that will get me past the road block I was stuckRead Moreâ€Å"Please someone help me!† Those were the very words my grandmother had screamed in Malayalam, our600 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Please someone help me!† Those were the very words my grandmother had screamed in Malayalam, our native language, while laying motionless and gasping for air. I sprinted across my aunt’s living room with screams of my family echoing in my ear and quickly dialed 911. Without any hesitation, my mother who is a nurse practitioner fell to her knees and started CPR. It took two unbearable hours for an ambulance to arrive – they were completely unprepared. That night I saw a glimpse of a healthcareRead MoreField Placement Reflection Report : Humber Business School1396 Words   |  6 Pagesdoing this internship was: †¢ To get Canadian Experience being an International Student. †¢ develop Connections and building my systems administration channel. †¢ To learn and get information about the Canadian Accounting framework. †¢ To work and addition involvement in the field in which I want to construct better profession. †¢ enhancing both my individual and professional growth. †¢ To know about the concepts in accounting. Describe the results that you achieved in relationRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy On Teaching And Implementing A Pbss Over The Last Five Weeks Essay1082 Words   |  5 Pageshave been fortunate enough to further my understanding of an administrator s role in developing and implementing a PBSS over the last five weeks. In gaining a broader depth of knowledge from a leadership perspective, I am learning the responsibilities and grit it takes to succeed in a larger role. During this research driven study, I have discovered the many facets that create a positive learning environments for learning. An area that I have focused most of my energy on is, creating a desirable schoolRead MoreGen200 Continuing Academic Success Essay1253 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Academic Success xxxx University of Phoenix GEN200 – Foundations for General Education xxxx xxxx Academic Success Technology and industry is growing at an ever increasing rate, and each year there are new devices or concepts adopted by business wanting to be on the cutting edge. Workers and leaders also need to stay on the cutting edge as well if they desire to excel in their careers. Often, this means that the working adult will return to a learning environment to earn a certificationRead MoreCase Study : Northrop Grumman s Internship Program1699 Words   |  7 Pagesand departments of Northrop Grumman. The networking events gave me a chance to meet many interns, employees, directors and leaders of the company. This internship experience has enhanced my personal development such as my communication skills, organizational skills, and time management. My communication skills have improved tremendously. Effective communication is very crucial, especially in the work place. It allows managers and employees to share vital information, which in turn can help theRead MoreHCS 449 Week 2 Health Care Industry1362 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Health Care Industry Carrie Shellie Cobbs Health Care Administration Capstone HCS 449 John Weiss September 13, 2014 Health Care Industry The health care industry is an environment that is competitive and expensive. To be a patient receiving care the urgency is high and at a very critical point to trust a team of strangers with your care possibly even your life. On the other side of that coin, treating and interacting with patients is a part of the health care industry because providingRead MoreCollege Faculties Do Contain Poor Teachers1311 Words   |  6 Pagesis not to focus on the output of this flawed process, but rather to look at the educational process itself. Shining a light on the work that students do in their classes would provide the â€Å"telling evidence† that Bok said would make a difference. In my recent review of accreditation documents, I saw some evidence of that strategy. For example, at Whittier College, a liberal arts college near Los Angeles, portfolios of student work are used in the process of reviewing majors and programs on a rollingRead MoreThe Innovator s Dna That Make People More Innovative1940 Words   |  8 Pageshad an innovative bone in my body. The introduction and chapter one of the book tells us though that innovation can be practiced. The one thing that caught my attention is that the authors have been experimenting for years about finding out about what makes people innovative. The book gives us five â€Å"discovery skills† that make people more innovative. The discovery skills in the book are association, questioning, observing, networking, and experimenting. This paper will be my personal action plan onRead MoreMotivation Letter Sample6058 Words   |  25 Pagescurrently in my first year at (XYZ) College, would like to apply for a 6 mont h internship for a post in the marketing department of your reputed company. I am currently pursuing my Masters in Marketing and at our college, we understand the importance of gaining practical knowledge which will complement the textbook knowledge and help a student gain a wider perspective of the subjects. During this course I have found that I am decently skilled in the art of persuasion, as my teachers and my former employer

Sunday, December 15, 2019

Psycholgy Free Essays

The Individual nerve cell, comprised of the axon, dendrites, and cell body. 2. Many neurons In the nervous system? 0 86 billion 3. We will write a custom essay sample on Psycholgy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Function of cell body, dendrites, and axons. O Cell body: Contains the nucleus and other major components. O Dendrites: How Branch out from the cell body and receive messages from other neurons. O Axons: Carries messages away from the cell body to the dendrites. 4. Define popularization/ deportation, o Popularization: Resting state of neuron, semiprivate. Deportation: Stimulated state, neuron is no longer mostly negative on the inside. 5. How do neurons fire? O Sodium ions pump in, depopulating the axon, before the popularization returns. 1. What is a neuron? O The Individual nerve cell, comprised of the axon, dendrites, and cell body. 2. How many neurons In the nervous spite? deportation. O The individual nerve cell, comprised of the axon, dendrites, and cell body. 2. How many neurons in the nervous system? O Sodium ions pump in, depopulating the axon, before the popularization returns. How to cite Psycholgy, Papers

Friday, December 6, 2019

Customer Service at Woodson Chemical Company free essay sample

Customer Service at Woodson Chemical Company Customer success would allow the Woodson Chemical Company (WCC) to stand out from the competitors. Unfortunately, WCC North America continually reveals poor customer service reports. Mainly, due to the companies poor order information process. Customers want to access real-time order information status. However, the delivery of excellent customer service is challenging. Each division serves a number of common customers at high volume on key accounts, with size and complexity of WCC’s distribution network making distribution management perplexing and complicated. Bottleneck management limits the communication network throughout the company. A lack of internal communication between departments and division causes poor correspondence to the customer, leading to continuous underprivileged customer service. An open communication channel among marketing, manufacturing, and distribution leads to improved forecasts concerning customer’s demands. The lower level of effectiveness in inventory management and demand forecasting explains the low extent of customer involvement and supplier involvement. We will write a custom essay sample on Customer Service at Woodson Chemical Company or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page WCC must rely on effective and efficient supply chains or networks to compete with China and Korea. Integrated logistics is the key to providing a successful supply chain. WCC could better serve common customers if they were able to combine resources and provide better information to its customer’s. Lower inventory levels and improved service levels can balance against higher transport cost. The link between transportation and customer service is a vital component at WCC. Effective management of a supply chain management depends on establishing key performance indicators and measuring performance against these on a regular basis. WCC’s business strategy should focus on an integrated logistics system across all divisions and build greater alliances with supply chain partners. Overall company performance may be improved by a high level of supply chain management awareness and integration. The business strategy for improving the information system will improve inventory control, manufacturing, marketing, administration, warehousing, transportation, sales performance, and customer satisfaction.

Customer Service at Woodson Chemical Company free essay sample

Customer Service at Woodson Chemical Company Customer success would allow the Woodson Chemical Company (WCC) to stand out from the competitors. Unfortunately, WCC North America continually reveals poor customer service reports. Mainly, due to the companies poor order information process. Customers want to access real-time order information status. However, the delivery of excellent customer service is challenging. Each division serves a number of common customers at high volume on key accounts, with size and complexity of WCC’s distribution network making distribution management perplexing and complicated. Bottleneck management limits the communication network throughout the company. A lack of internal communication between departments and division causes poor correspondence to the customer, leading to continuous underprivileged customer service. An open communication channel among marketing, manufacturing, and distribution leads to improved forecasts concerning customer’s demands. The lower level of effectiveness in inventory management and demand forecasting explains the low extent of customer involvement and supplier involvement. We will write a custom essay sample on Customer Service at Woodson Chemical Company or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page WCC must rely on effective and efficient supply chains or networks to compete with China and Korea. Integrated logistics is the key to providing a successful supply chain. WCC could better serve common customers if they were able to combine resources and provide better information to its customer’s. Lower inventory levels and improved service levels can balance against higher transport cost. The link between transportation and customer service is a vital component at WCC. Effective management of a supply chain management depends on establishing key performance indicators and measuring performance against these on a regular basis. WCC’s business strategy should focus on an integrated logistics system across all divisions and build greater alliances with supply chain partners. Overall company performance may be improved by a high level of supply chain management awareness and integration. The business strategy for improving the information system will improve inventory control, manufacturing, marketing, administration, warehousing, transportation, sales performance, and customer satisfaction.

Friday, November 29, 2019

Humzah Butt Essays (245 words) - Food And Drink, Brassicaceae

Humzah Butt Outline for Radishes Introduction Is a member of the mustard family Common garden crop in the United States One of the fastest growing crop in the world History of Cultivation A well-established crop during the Roman Times Were originally discovered in Southeast Asia and Europe Fast Growing crop: Takes about 3-7 days to germinate and 3 weeks to fully mature 7 types of radishes: White Icicle, Sparkler, Cherry Belle (the one every knows about), White Beauty, French Breakfast, Early Scarlet Gold and Fire and Ice Nutrition Treats Jaundice: Radishes is good for the liver and stomach and acts as a powerful detoxifier Treats Urinary Disorders: juices from radishes cures inflammation and burning of urine. Helps in Weight Loss: Radishes are very filling and are low in calories which means they satisfy your hunger. Very High in Vitamin B6: helps aid in maintaining a healthy nervous system Selecting and Storing Radishes Choose firm crisp roots that are fresh green Wash and remove the leafy greens at the top and place it in a plastic bag with some paper towels at the bottom Do not freeze radishes because they are filled with water inside You can eat radishes raw but it's good to rinse and scrub before consuming one If a person is allergic to aspirin, they might want to be cautious with eating a radish because it contains salicylate with aspirins also contain. Conclusion: I have never ate a radish before but after researching about them, I am interested in trying one due to the health benefits it has.

Monday, November 25, 2019

Free Essays on Case Study For Student Analysis

Case Study for Student Analysis Arthur Reed working as a warehouse supervisor is having problems keeping his summer replacement workers throughout the summer months. His turnover is very high due to replacement workers have to pay union dues and purchase costly steel-toed boots. The pay is low and employees are expected to be on call for when an employee calls in sick. There are several ways to alleviate these problems. This paper will discuss how Arthur could offer incentives to keep employees working throughout the summer months so there will be no need to hire summer help. With the temporary employees having little training and such a high turn over it would be beneficial for the trained employees to be working at the warehouse. In the summer employees have repeatedly called in sick due to the good weather. This leads me to believe that the employees are not really ill but would rather take a day off to enjoy themselves. This has been a huge problem for Arthur and changes need to be made to ensure quality work during the summer months. Arthur’s biggest problem is finding employees to stay working with low pay and no set work schedule. This would be hard for any employer to fix. Employees need dependability from their employer to be dependable employees. While Arthur could give the part time employees benefits, the changing work schedule cannot be changed. This work schedule is what I believe to be the greatest reason for employee turnaround. With bills to pay employees need a dependable paycheck. Paying for the employees work boots and allowing them to work without joining the union would be incentives for the part time workers. These added costs take away from the employee’s earnings and since they have no benefits this could deter workers. The cost in work boots would add costs to Arthur or the warehouse if they would pay this cost. Arthur might have trouble getting approval from the union to allow these employees to not p... Free Essays on Case Study For Student Analysis Free Essays on Case Study For Student Analysis Case Study for Student Analysis Arthur Reed working as a warehouse supervisor is having problems keeping his summer replacement workers throughout the summer months. His turnover is very high due to replacement workers have to pay union dues and purchase costly steel-toed boots. The pay is low and employees are expected to be on call for when an employee calls in sick. There are several ways to alleviate these problems. This paper will discuss how Arthur could offer incentives to keep employees working throughout the summer months so there will be no need to hire summer help. With the temporary employees having little training and such a high turn over it would be beneficial for the trained employees to be working at the warehouse. In the summer employees have repeatedly called in sick due to the good weather. This leads me to believe that the employees are not really ill but would rather take a day off to enjoy themselves. This has been a huge problem for Arthur and changes need to be made to ensure quality work during the summer months. Arthur’s biggest problem is finding employees to stay working with low pay and no set work schedule. This would be hard for any employer to fix. Employees need dependability from their employer to be dependable employees. While Arthur could give the part time employees benefits, the changing work schedule cannot be changed. This work schedule is what I believe to be the greatest reason for employee turnaround. With bills to pay employees need a dependable paycheck. Paying for the employees work boots and allowing them to work without joining the union would be incentives for the part time workers. These added costs take away from the employee’s earnings and since they have no benefits this could deter workers. The cost in work boots would add costs to Arthur or the warehouse if they would pay this cost. Arthur might have trouble getting approval from the union to allow these employees to not p...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Business -Marketing Executive Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business -Marketing Executive Summary - Essay Example Growth rate trends are in excess of 6 to 8%, especially in the later category. A feature of this traffic is the high component of the younger age group, the travel purpose being job related, while tourists and students make up bulk of the balance. Travel by middle class families, who are conscious of stretching their dollars to the limit on job and sight-seeing, is being witnessed. Baggage allowance rules vary between the regions – while some countries restrict the number and size of the bags, others adopt limits on overall checked-in weight. Thus travelers have to be prepared for both contingencies! During peak seasons, baggage restrictions cause severe inconvenience, apart from costs, if one is not within the prescribed limits. The current practice of weighing either the individual pieces of luggage before packing or packing / weighing and repacking, is back-breaking indeed, and is one of the most stressful events before a family travel! In the absence of proper weigh scales at home, one is in for nasty surprises at the check-in counters. Taking this opportunity Samsonite is introducing its new product idea – bags with removable built-in digital weigh scales – an innovation extension to the existing product range. We call it ‘Samsonite Weigh-IT’, keeping the customer profile in mind. The idea itself is not completely new since competitors like Ricardo Beverly Hills have already introduced similar products with good success. Thus it will be a variation of an already established product, which is in its growth phase and can be confidently expected to gain more and more customers in the next 5 years. Unlike the Ricardo fixed type scale with its potential for damage during airport handling and travel time, our product will be ‘plug-in’ type removable after checking weight. This will be its USP. Samsonite’s innovative design capabilities and worldwide

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

The ways of resolving conflicts Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The ways of resolving conflicts - Assignment Example This research will begin with the statement that if one were in Lee Lattoni’s place, one will deal directly with the conflict by talking with B.J. O’Malley first before making any decision. Since B.J. seems to be the leader of the male group in the cost accounting department, the objective is to convince him to accept the decision so that eventually, he can convince the others in the department. One will tell him about the plan to hire Regina Simpson and the reason why one believes that it will be for the best interest of the department to hire her. One will point out to him that it will make the department more efficient and if that happens, everyone in the department will benefit because management will see its improved performance. One will request him to just be open to the idea and not judge Regina prematurely. One will also talk with Regina to inform her in advance about how she might be treated in the department and the culture that pervades there. She will, howe ver, be assured that she will have one’s 100 percent support. For B.J. O’Malley is the difference in the values, beliefs, and personalities. Whereas Lee and Regina value a college education, B.J. and the rest of the males in the department find it irrelevant. The insecurities of the males in the department are reasons why they do not want Regina to join them. Their male egos are threatened by Regina’s presence, especially her educational background.

Monday, November 18, 2019

Human resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Human resources - Essay Example One tool for monitoring performance management is  performance appraisal. For organizations, performance management is usually known as company performance and is monitored through business appraisal. [Performance Management. (2009). In  BUSINESS: The Ultimate Resource. Retrieved from http://www.credoreference.com/entry/ultimatebusiness/performance_management] What value does Performance Management have for an organization? For the organization, Performance Management’s is beneficial as it facilitates the organization’s capacity to deliver strategic and operational goals which can be translated to a growth in sales, reduction of costs, and increased operational efficiency. It also provides the employee a clear understanding of how meeting target performance adds value to the organization’s strategic goals. What value for an individual? For an individual, Performance Management is beneficial as it creates an environment that motivates employees to be at its be st. Through Performance Management, employees are also able to know how much and how they are contributing to the growth of the organization. And as the employees contribute to the growth of the organization, Performance Management provides the incentive structure by which employees are rewarded for achieving if not exceeding their goal in the organization. 2. What is meant by the term Business Behavior? What are the unbreakable behavior laws? Why is behavior considered the key to quality? What is meant by the term Business Behavior? Business behavior â€Å"underlies what employees choose to do (quality and/or quality), how much effort they will put into accomplishing the task, and how long they will put into accomplishing it†. (Steven Stralser, Phd. MBA in a Day: what you would learn in top tier schools (if you only had the time!) John and Wiley and Sons Incorporated, Hoboken, New Jersey, Published simultaneously in Canada. E-book. P. 20 What are the unbreakable behavior law s? Unbreakable behavior laws are the inviolable laws of business conduct that was drafted to align processes and employee activities within the organization to ensure that behavior will be in consonance to the company’s strategic and long-term goals. They are the set of performance expectations from employees that is tied up with the over-all organizational goal. Why is behavior considered the key to quality? Business Behavior is key to quality because it determines how an employee will perform. If behavior is desirable and consistent to Performance Plan, such behavior will translate not only quality but also greater efficiency. While an underperforming behavior will undermine not only the particular employee’s performance but also the organization as a whole. 3. What is pinpointing? How does pinpointing apply to performance management? What is meant by â€Å"the right† pinpoint? What value does pointing have in managing performance? What is pinpointing? Pinpoin ting is being specific about target performance and communicating it clearly to the employees. It includes defining the drivers that measures performance that will add value to organizational goa

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Origins of Visual Expression in Art

Origins of Visual Expression in Art In this dissertation, I will research the origins of visual expression, firstly asking why was it made, and who was it made for? I will then be looking for the earliest examples of where visual expression was found and then be moving onto how western art was developed and controlled though the early centuries in Europe. Then focusing on how one artist (Marcel Duchamp) chanced how institutions and art galleries could value art and lead the way for the future artists. Finally, this will bring me onto look at the emergence of the YBAS (Young British Artists) and the dynamics of their surroundings which would evidently lead to their success in the international art world, helped by the modern systems of mass media, written medias and public opinion. In this, I will investigate the relationship between visual and modern day language mediums thought discourse, with an added envious on my own personal experience though the viewing of the art works in the exhibition at Liverpool Tate Bad art for bad people? by Dino and Jake Chapman (13th December 2006 â€Å" 4th March 2007), also including another artist who was the forerunner of the YBA movement and who would later become the YBA pin up, Damien Hurst. I will look how Damien Hurst used the systems of the media, being, news papers, Magazine columns, visual media and mass audiences, to make his own unique stamp in the art world. I will look how the YBAS became into the international limelight during the late 1980s and 1990s, helped with the guidance and backing of the advertising mogul Charles Saatchi, and his effect on the mass audience of the British public and aboard, making the YBA movement a success in the worldwide art scene. Marcel Duchamp To study how Marcel Duchamps artistic practices gave such controversy though-out the art world, arising the nature of art itself and what we view, and value as art. I will study the work The Fountain? (1917) and how it can be singled out as the bench mark for future contemporary art practice of today, firstly looking upon the history of Marcel Duchamps life up to the point of his work The fountains? creation and existence in 1917. (3A) Marcel Duchamps Fountain 1917? www.google.com/fountain.gif/cwru.edu Marcel Duchamp was born into world, in 1913, the French writer Charles Peguy Remarked, The world has changed less since the time of Jesus Christ than it has in the last thirty years.? (18) He was speaking of all the conditions of western capitalist society: its ideas, its sense of history, its beliefs, modes of production, and its art. Born on the 28th July 1887 in Blainville, near Rouen in France, He was the brother of Raymond Duchamp-Villon, the sculptor, and of Suzanne Duchamp, the poetess and also half- brother of Jacques Villon. He began to paint in 1908 and at the age of 22 Duchamp was a member of The golden circle? a painters circle, which included Metzinger, Leger, and Picabia, He was painting in the style of Cubism and futurism, which is shown his work nude descending a staircase,? painted in 1912. (19) In 1913 Duchamp exhibited this work in the New York Armoury show, in which it was the much more ridiculed work at the show. In 1912 when he painted Nude descending a staircase? Duchamp said, that painting is washed up?. (20) In abandoning painting, he said, I want something where the eye counts for nothing.? At this point the Duchampian revolution consists of the notion of the ready-made?. (20) This term describes common objects with or without modification that were relocated in museums and galleries. The term objet trouve? first was first recorded in a letter to his sister Susanne Duchamp in 1913. (21) The earliest readymade of Duchamps was the Bicycle wheel of 1913. This consisted of a bicycle wheel fixed onto a wooden stool. These readymades ojects were mass produced objects with common uses such as snow shovels and bottle racks which Duchamp would then sign. He would give the objects names that were totally irrelevant for their practical use. In 1915, Duchamp went to the USA for the first time. (22) The USA now better developed than Europe in technology, communications and now had the tallest building in the world. Soon, Duchamp settled and became the centre of a group of painters round the Stieglitz? gallery in which the group adopted the anti-art? attitude as with Zurich Dadaism. (23) In 1917, Duchamp sent his mass- produced urinal, (readymade) called fountain? to New York, (where the first show for the society of independent artist was held. Simply called independent show?, (24) signed with the name R.Mutt?, it was nothing but a common urinal. The work that was signed with a false name and exhibited on its back became centre to an unrealistic approach and was pulled out of the exhibition. The theory behind the readymade explained in an article, anonymous but believed to be by Duchamp himself in defence to his alter-ego, Mr Mutt, In the May 1917 issue of the avent- garde magazine The Blind Man?, run by Duchamp and his two friends, printed this text. Whether Mr Mutt with his own hands made the fountain or not has no importance. He chose it. He took an ordinary article of life, and placed it so that its useful significance disappeared under the new title and point of view-created a new thought for that object. There are three important points here: First that the choice of the object is itself creative act. Secondly, that by cancelling the useful? function of an object it becomes art. Thirdly, that the presentation and addition of the object have given it a new thought?, a new meaning? (25). Duchamps readymade also asserted the principle that, art is defined by the artist. The idea of art is made in the artists mind as a concept for their personal perspective of how their world is interpreted. This is true for every person, as everyone can think of ways an object means more than its physical form. This is also true of objects that have sentimental value. In any place the owner has the object in owe of what it represents regard of its space. As objects of no meaning are only then represented by the space the object inhabits. Marcel Duchamp gave the world a diverse outlook on the way art and the object could be perceived and portrayed in society, therefore leaving the door of the art world and its individuals open to create and develop concepts and ideas of art, which left the old institutions and practices to be questioned and revaluated. From abstract expression to the YBAS, Marcel Duchamps Fountain can be seen as a turning point in the ideas of where art can take the artists and the viewer. This can be seen none more so than the young graduate group of British artists of the late 1980s to take the international art world by storm, they were later to be known as the YBAS. Duchamps single act of artistic expression changed the way we could view art but to explain this he had to enforce it with words. Discourse and written language had more importance now rather than just the documentation of visual art and its history. Written language now became a factor in which works of art were viewed, and with the evolution of the tabloids and the mass media would become intertwined feeding off each other for publicity, good or bad.

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Differences of Love in Shakespeares Romeo and Juleit Essay -- Shakespe

Two lovers, different in beliefs, yet the same in thoughts and feelings, are set to have a tragic ending in their life story. In William Shakespeare's The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare portrays differences between the love of Romeo for Juliet, and the love of Juliet for Romeo. Many people often wonder why this love between Romeo Montague and Juliet Capulet did not turn out for the best. It is not their love for one another that finally breaks them apart from the world, it is the way they love one another. The couple struggled to the death trying to make their passionate love work out with each other, but their many differences kept coming up in their lives and getting in the way of their love. While Romeo is a Manic lover and Juliet is an Erotic lover, their love is more likely to be star-crossed. Romeo is a Manic type of lover, which is the main reason why The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet did not have a happy ending. There are many examples of Romeo being a Manic lover. One good example is when he is talking to Friar Lawrence the morning after Romeo meets Juliet and sneaks away to her house to woo her. Romeo says to Friar Lawrence, ?Then plainly know my hearts dear love is set / On the fair daughter of rich Capulet, / As mine on hers, so hers is set on mine?/ We met, we wooed, and made exchange of vow?/ That thou consent to marry us today? (II, iii, 57-59, 62, 64). This explains how Romeo becomes intensely preoccupied with thoughts of Juliet and need for Juliet?s love. Romeo?s heart is set on Juliet, and he can?t stop thinking about her. Inside, Romeo also knows that Juliet loves him, too, and her heart is set on his. Love at first sight is quick on Romeo. After less than one day of knowing her, Romeo has ... ...n love at first sight, this story may have had a different ending. In The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare clearly displays the tragic ending between Romeo and Juliet. The tragedy is not because of their love for one another, but for the differences between the ways they loved each other. Romeo was too fast for Juliet, and Juliet was too ideal for Romeo. If Romeo had been an Erotic lover, or Juliet had been a Manic lover, this tragedy may have ended up differently. It may not have even been a tragedy at all. Despite all the struggles between differences and families, Romeo and Juliet still had a very passionate love for each other at the ending, although it did not turn out as they had first planned. Romeo and Juliet?s love for one another did not have a truly happy ending, because the love between Romeo and Juliet was star-crossed from the beginning.

Monday, November 11, 2019

Exercise 38 Anatomy of the Digestive System

R E V I E W NAME ____________________________________ LAB TIME/DATE _______________________ S H E E T EXERCISE 38 Anatomy of the Digestive System General Histological Plan of the Alimentary Canal 1. The general anatomical features of the alimentary canal are listed below. Fill in the table to complete the information. Subdivisions of the layer (if applicable) Wall layer mucosa submucosa muscularis externa serosa or adventitia Major functions epithelium, lamina propria, (not applicable) ecretion, absorption protection protection, vascular supply for mucosa churning, mixing protection, anchoring circular and longitudinal (not applicable) Organs of the Alimentary Canal 2. The tubelike digestive system canal that extends from the mouth to the anus is known as the canal or the digestive tract. it has an innermost layer that runs obliquely alimentary 3. How is the muscularis externa of the stomach modified? ____________________________________________________________ ______________________ ________________ How does this modification relate to the function of the stomach? lets the stomach ix, churn and move food along trac while breaking it down and mixing it in gastric juices ____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ squamous cells in the esophagus to columna 4. What transition in epithelial type exists at the gastroesophageal junction? in the gastric mucosa ____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________ simple columnar absorb. How do the epithelia of these two organs relate to their specific functions? Stratified squamous protect ____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________ 5. Differentiate between the colon and the large intestine. large intestine extend from the ileocecal valve to the anus, bu the colon is divided into the ascending, descending, sigmoid colon _________________________________________ ___________________ ______________________________________ 259 6. Match the items in column B with the descriptive statements in column A. Column A l y o c n w h d b s h p i v e j x b v k t r u f z y a g , t 1. 2. 3. 4. , v 6. 7. structure that suspends the small intestine from the posterior body wall fingerlike extensions of the intestinal mucosa that increase the surface area for absorption large collections of lymphoid tissue found in the submucosa of the small intestine deep folds of the mucosa and submucosa that extend completely or partially around the ircumference of the small intestine 5. regions that break down foodstuffs mechanically mobile organ that manipulates food in the mouth and initiates swallowing conduit for both air and food y , 8. three structures continuous with and representing modifications of the peritoneum the â€Å"gullet†; no digestive/absorptive function Column B a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. anus appendix circular folds esophagus frenulum g reater omentum hard palate haustra ileocecal valve large intestine lesser omentum mesentery 9. 10. olds of the gastric mucosa 11. 12. 13. sacculations of the large intestine projections of the plasma membrane of a mucosal epithelial cell valve at the junction of the small and large intestines m. microvilli n. o. p. q. r. s. t. u. v. oral cavity parietal peritoneum Peyer’s patches pharynx pyloric valve rugae small intestine soft palate stomach 14. primary region of food and water absorption 15. membrane securing the tongue to the floor of the mouth 16. absorbs water and forms feces 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. rea between the teeth and lips/cheeks wormlike sac that outpockets from the cecum initiates protein digestion structure attached to the lesser curvature of the stomach organ distal to the stomach valve controlling food movement from the stomach into the duodenum posterosuperior boundary of the oral cavity location of the hepatopancreatic sphincter thro ugh which pancreatic secretions and bile pass serous lining of the abdominal cavity wall principal site for the synthesis of vitamin K by microorganisms region containing two sphincters through which feces are expelled from the body bone-supported anterosuperior boundary of the oral cavity . tongue x. y. z. vestibule villi visceral peritoneum 260 Review Sheet 38 7. Correctly identify all organs depicted in the diagram oral cavity paratoid gland mouth sublingual gland pharynx submanibulargland esphogus gall bladder liver hepatic portal region cystic duct bile duct hepatic pancreatic sphincter accessory pancreatic duct hepatic flexure jejunum ascending colon ileum rectum illiocecal vavle anal canal cecum appendix anus transverse colon decsending colon sigmond colon pancreas cardiac sphincter pyllitic sphincter Review Sheet 38 261 8. You have studied the histological structure of a number of organs in this laboratory. Three of these are diagrammed below. Identify and correctly label each. (a) ____________________(b) ________________________(c) ____________________ Accessory Digestive Organs 9. Correctly label all structures provided with leader lines in the diagram of a molar below. (Note: Some of the terms in the key for question 10 may be helpful in this task. ) enamel dentin crown pulp cavity gum Neck periodontal ligament Bone root cementum rooteneal Blood vessels and nerves in pulp 262 Review Sheet 38 10. Use the key to identify each tooth area described below. c b e f j p g j a 1. isible portion of the tooth in situ 2. material covering the tooth root 3. hardest substance in the body 4. attaches the tooth to bone and surrounding alveolar structures 5. portion of the tooth embedded in bone 6. forms the major portion of tooth structure; similar to bone 7. produces the dentin 8. site of blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics 9. entire portion of the tooth covered with enamel ; the number of perma nent teeth is Key: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. 32 anatomical crown cementum clinical crown dentin enamel gingiva odontoblast periodontal ligament pulp root . 20 11. In the human, the number of deciduous teeth is 2,1,2,3 12. The dental formula for permanent teeth is 2 2,1,2,3 Explain what this means. 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars and 3 molars on upper teeth. 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars and 3 molars on upper teeth. multiple by 2 2,1,0,2 What is the dental formula for the deciduous teeth? 2,1,0,2 13. What teeth are the â€Å"wisdom teeth†? the third set of molars 2 20 14. Various types of glands form a part of the alimentary tube wall or duct their secretions into it. Match the glands listed in column B with the function/locations described in column A. Column A a f 1. 2. . 4. produce(s) mucus; found in the submucosa of the small intestine produce(s) a product containing amylase that begins starch breakdown in the mouth produce(s) a whole spectrum of enzymes and an alkaline fluid that is secreted into the duodenum produce(s) bile that it secretes into the duodenum via the bile duct Column B a. b. c. d. e. f. duodenal glands gastric glands intestinal crypts liver pancreas salivary glands e d b c 5. produce(s) HCl and pepsinogen 6. found in the mucosa of the small intestine; produce(s) intestinal juice 15. Which of the salivary glands produces a secretion that is mainly serous? ublingual salviary gland Review Sheet 38 263 16. What is the role of the gallbladder? store bile bile duct , 17. Name three structures always found in the portal triad regions of the liver. portal venule and poral arteriole 18. Where would you expect to find the Kupffer cells of the liver? What is their function? inside sinusoid walls they line the sinus' and remove bacteria plasma protiens 19. Why is the liver so dark red in the living animal? 20. The pancreas has two major populations of secretory cells—those in the islets and the acinar cells. Which population serves the digestive process? acinar cells 264 Review Sheet 38

Saturday, November 9, 2019

Visiting a Champagne Cellar in Reims

Visiting a Champagne Cellar in Reims Champagne cellars are one of the major attractions in the gorgeous city of Reims (pronounced R in(nasal) sss). Follow along on this journey to a wine cellar in this easy bilingual story designed to help you  learn French in context. Visiting A Champagne Cellar Si vous à ªtes Reims, il faut absolument que vous visitiez les caves d’une des nombreuses maisons de champagne de la rà ©gion.  Les sià ¨ges d’un grand nombre de maisons de champagne sont  situà ©s Reims, et beaucoup proposent des dà ©gustations. Pendant un aprà ¨s-midi, nous avons visità © les caves de la compagnie G. H. Martel Cie, qui sont situà ©es 1,5 km au sud-est de la cathà ©drale, une promenade agrà ©able pied. Un des employà ©s, un homme plaisant qui s’appelle Emmanuel, nous a accueillis et il a immà ©diatement dit  : Descendons aux caves  ! If you are in Reims, you absolutely must visit the cellars of one of the numerous champagne houses in the area. The headquarters of a large number of champagne houses are located in Reims, and many offer tastings. During an afternoon, we visited the cellars of G. H. Martel and Co, located 1.5 km southeast of the cathedral, an enjoyable walk. One of the employees, a pleasant man named Emmanuel, welcomed us and immediately said: Let’s go down to the cellars! Nous avons descendu un escalier à ©troit et nous nous sommes retrouvà ©s dans un rà ©seau de caves qui est situà ©s environ 20 mà ¨tres sous le sol. Au quatrià ¨me sià ¨cle, les Romains ont creusà © les caves au-dessous de Reims pour obtenir la craie qui à ©tait utilisà ©e pour la construction de leurs bà ¢timents. De nos jours, il y a plus de 250 kms de ces caves, et beaucoup servent maintenir le champagne tempà ©rature pendant le vieillissement. L’avantage  ? Un environnement dans lequel la tempà ©rature et l’humidità © sont bien contrà ´là ©es. We descended a narrow stairway and found ourselves in a network of cellars which are situated about 20 meters below ground. In the fourth century, the Romans dug the cellars below Reims to obtain chalk which was used for the construction of their buildings. These days, there are more than 250 kms of these cellars, and many serve to maintain the champagne at temperature during the aging process. The advantage? An environment in which the temperature and humidity are well controlled. Emmanuel nous a expliquà ©s que la production de champagne est soigneusement rà ©gulà ©e. Si l’on peut lire  «Ã‚  Appellation d’Origine Contrà ´là ©e  Ã‚ » sur à ©tiquette, on sait que le vin a à ©tà © produit selon des rà ¨gles rigoureuses, par exemple la classification du terroir oà ¹ les raisins sont cultivà ©s, le rendement la vendange, le rendement au pressurage, le vieillissement, et la quantità © d’alcool, parmi d’autres à ©là ©ments. La culture des raisins doit se faire dans les vignobles de la rà ©gion Champagne-Ardenne, et la production entià ¨re du champagne doit à ©galement y avoir lieu. Emmanuel explained to us that the production of champagne is carefully regulated. If one can read â€Å"Appellation d’Origine Contrà ´là ©e† on the label, you know that the wine has been produced according to strict regulations, for example the classification of the land where the grapes are grown, the yield of the harvest, the yield from the wine pressing, the aging process, and the volume of alcohol, among other components. The growing of the grapes must be done in the vineyards of the Champagne-Ardenne region, and the entire production of the champagne must also take place there. En gà ©nà ©ral, il y a seulement 3 cà ©pages qui sont utilisà ©s dans la production de champagne  : le chardonnay, le pinot noir, et le pinot meunier. Typiquement, un champagne consiste en un mà ©lange de deux ou trois cà ©pages. Et donc, la particularità © du vin, sa saveur, sa couleur et son bouquet, est dà ©terminà ©e, au moins quelque peu, par les compà ©tences et la crà ©atività © du viticulteur pendant le mà ©lange. In general, there are only 3 grape varieties that are used in the production of champagne: chardonnay, pinot noir, and pinot meunier. Typically, a champagne consists of a mixture of 2 or 3 grape varieties. And so the defining feature of the wine, its taste, its color, and its bouquet, is determined, at least a little, by the skill and creativity of the wine maker during the mixing. Ce qui donne au champagne son caractà ¨re, c’est les bulles. Selon la mà ©thode champenoise, une double fermentation est utilisà ©e  : la premià ¨re en cuves pour à ©laborer l’alcool, et une deuxià ¨me dans la bouteille elle-mà ªme pour produire la gazà ©ification. What gives champagne its character are the bubbles. According to the mà ©thode champenoise, a double fermentation is used: the first in vats to produce the alcohol, and a second in the bottle itself to produce the gasification. Le biscuit rose de Reims est presque aussi connu que le champagne lui-mà ªme. C’est une tradition en France de tremper ce petit biscuit dans votre flà »te de champagne. Le goà »t là ©gà ¨rement sucrà © du biscuit se combine bien avec le goà »t sec du champagne, et les deux suscitent un dà ©lice inà ©galable  ! The pink biscuits of Reims are nearly as well known as the champagne itself. It is a tradition in France to dip the small biscuit in your flute of champagne. The light, sweet taste of the biscuit combines well with the dry taste of the champagne, and the two provoke an unsurpassable delight!

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

Where Does It All Go Professor Ramos Blog

Where Does It All Go The summer sun beat down on us as we rounded the side of yet another hill. The latest mound in a seemingly endless set connected by a winding dirt road; as bumpy as it was undefined. My partner and I were comfortable if a bit restless riding in the cab of our twenty-six foot, â€Å"super mover† U-Haul truck. Unbothered by the summer’s heat outside but eager to be away from our responsibilities. Something more than the impressive heat was weighing on me as we drove further into the dump that afternoon however. A silent dread that I couldn’t quite articulate at the time and therefore remained unspoken. I felt close to an issue that has always bothered me but that I’ve never felt I could adequately address. A particularly large bump shook my focus as we rounded yet another hill exposing a massive pile of garbage. Immense machines comparable to excavators or bulldozers but on a much larger scale than one is used to seeing rolled over and rearranged the grotesq ue mass. It was in that moment I recalled a memory from many years ago when I was still new to the state of California and I was transported back to the coast some twelve to fifteen years ago. Walking across the sand with the summer sun beating down on me I couldn’t help but be mesmerized by the sheer scale of the expanse of sand in front of me. What was more impressive is that the sand absolutely paled in comparison to the vast expanse of dancing shades of blue and white stretching out beyond its edge. So enthralled by the spectacle I spent hours trying to corral the waves with trenches and walls of sand, swimming in the water, enjoying all of this grand new place. At one point during my escapades I came across a strange wrapper with faint print and a design that seemed foreign to me. With some effort I recognized the graphic on the front to be, â€Å"Taz† the Looney Tunes character I had seen on Boomerang many times. Being that I was very young my discovery of such a strange item in a new and exciting place sent my sense of curiosity soaring. I set off down the shore to where my family had set up their things in hope that they could provide me with some an swers. We plugged onward past the overgrown machinery following signs to the correct place for us to unload are relatively small load of cargo. Besides the half dozen or so machine operators driving those monstrous versions of construction equipment we could find no intelligent life to aid us in finding our position around the pile. Eventually, after some time spent frustratedly wondering we reached a large plateau we were sure was the correct place to be. â€Å"Where does all this trash go?† I wondered aloud as we stood outside our U-Haul at the expanse of rolling hills before us. â€Å"This can’t be all of it† I muttered tentatively hoping I had over estimated the size of this particular landfill. Before I could reach a conclusion a man in a vest and large straw hat angrily waddled toward us to let us know that despite our best efforts we were not in the correct place. The man directed us back down the other side of the hill to our true destination and we were ready to be on our way. â€Å"What a shit-show† I uttered as the U-Haul doors slammed and we finally left with some certainty of our destination. â€Å"At least the smell isn’t so bad inside the truck† my partner replied. He was right, outside the truck there was a certain hot garbage smell that seemed to permeate not just through our nose and lungs but through the whole of our being. Perhaps that’s what had dulled my senses to the point that I was unable to answer my own question, â€Å"where does all the trash go?† I ran for what seemed like an eternity, many miles, a truly epic trek. In truth, my family was never out of site but, as a child with such a limited perspective I felt as if I was coming back from a far off adventure with some strange treasure. My uncle was the first to see me and offer some jovial remark about my mad dash down the coast to our established site littered with towels and coolers. â€Å"What’s this?† I questioned urgently showing the wrapper immediately both out of breath and overridden with curiosity. â€Å"Wow!† My uncle exclaimed, â€Å"it’s been awhile since I’ve seen one of those laying around.† As it turned out, after a brief reference to Google, the bar had been discontinued in the U.S. since the 90’s. My initial reaction was that of grandeur. I had discovered some long lost treasure right there in the sand. But soon more questions began to sink into my ever curious adolescent mind. â€Å"Where does all the trash go?† the question seemed simple enough to me then but my family seemed uncomfortable. â€Å"Well it goes to the dump† replied my uncle after some thought, â€Å"but it doesn’t really go anywhere.† Seeing the look of confusion on my face he elaborated further, â€Å"whatever gets thrown in a trash can goes to a landfill to sit and decompose and everything else undergoes the same process wherever it may lie.† It wasn’t until we made it to our designated unloading zone that my childhood question finally reached a resolution. There on the back side of the massive hill we had ascended it became clear that trash was being piled, compressed, covered in dirt and the cycle continued. I hadn’t seen the grotesque piles, the ostentatious monuments, the unholy piles of human waste my eyes searched for because they had been hidden in plain sight. My eyes finally caught on to what my nose had realized all along and I was overtaken by a chilling sense of realization. Before me sat the perfect metaphor for the human attitude to existence. Out of sight, out of mind. All this time I’d been preparing myself for what I knew to be true and still the reality of the situation caught me by surprise. â€Å"Well what else can we do?† I asked urgently. â€Å"If everyone just throws everything away soon there’s not gonna space for the beach and people to live.† My uncle smiled down at me and explained that there are in fact many other people to whom the concern is just as palpable. He explained to me that by being conscious of the products I use and the way I dispose of them I could make an impact on the world around me. Soon the wonders of recycling aluminum and plastic, which would go on to be my first entrepreneurial experience, were revealed to me. My neighbors expected to see me at their door once a month in search of recyclable goods. Before long my neighborhood as a whole became more conscious of their waste and footprint on this Earth. Despite the small size of the impact I was able to make at that time it would go on to influence many decisions in my future. Those decisions were unconsciously biased by the experience I had as a child and reinforced by m y experience as an adult at the dump. Finally, I was able to see first hand what I had failed to grasp so long ago. Everyone is responsible for the space they inhabit and the things they use. While individual efforts are the backbone of any movement seeing the scale of the problem I had combated for so long made me realize this is a human problem requiring a coordinated solution.

Monday, November 4, 2019

Project Management Explore the Role of the Project Management team to Essay

Project Management Explore the Role of the Project Management team to critically analyse the differing ways in which projects can be Organised - Essay Example Projects usually follow major phases or stages (with various titles for these), including feasibility, project planning, implementation, evaluation and support/maintenance. (Free Management Library, 1997-2009) Each project phase normally includes a set of defined work products designed to establish the desired level of management control. Each project phase is marked by completion of one or more deliverable. (William Duncan, 1996) The conclusion of a project phase is generally marked by a review of both key deliverables and project performance in order to (a) determine if the project should continue into its next phase and (b) detect and correct errors cost effectively. (William R. Duncan, 1996) "The project manager should be appointed at any stage of the project, s/he should be appointed prior to the appointment of the project team. The project manager documents a detailed Job Description for each project role and appoints a human resource to each role based on his/her relevant skills and experience. (Jason Westland, 2003)" The initial phase of project management involves feasibility study. This is to find out whether the project is viable or not. Feasibility study plays a very important role for the success of a project. Feasibility study generally involves identifying the future risks involved in the projects and steps to reduce the risks. "A feasibility study should be done based on political, commercial, and organisational elements." (Patrick Andrews, 2002). The feasibility study should be shared with the project management team and various input from the team members need to be analysed and incorporated to the feasibility report. It is important that it should be documented. If the study reveals that the project is not viable, it can be stopped at an early stage thus reducing wastage of resources, time, and cost. If the study is viable, the study should clearly outline the statements proving why the project is viable. The deliverable of a feasibility study is feasibility report. Project Planning Planning a project is extremely important before actually implementing the project. The project plan is necessary in defining the various milestones of the project and coming up with tentative dates to complete each milestone. This helps to keep a check on the project at the various miles

Saturday, November 2, 2019

Hart-Fuller Debate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Hart-Fuller Debate - Essay Example Introduction to Hart’s Concept of Law: Hart in his book addresses three critical issues. The questions which arise from these legal issues are (1) how does law differ from and how is it related to orders backed by threats? (2) How does legal obligation differ from, and how is it related to, moral obligation? (3) What are rules and to what extent is law an affair of rules?1 Laws, Commands and Orders: Hart argues in the first chapter of his book that laws are varieties of imperatives which differ in nature according to the tone of the individual. The acts of human beings to ask someone for help, to request someone for an act, or to order someone to do or to abstain from doing something, which might be backed by threat, or in other case where a man might be coerced to do something are all an indigenous part of the social nomenclature in which the society thrives and survives. Hart argues that law is a social construction backed by history. Law is an institution which always did n ot exist. It emerged for special reasons, and because of those reasons it has taken the form it takes. Law as the Union or Primary and Secondary Rules: Fundamental lawmaking power rests of the customary social rule, and it is through this rule that the sovereign authorises itself to make laws. Hart argued that law is nothing but a social construction of primary and secondary rules. In order to understand the effect of such rules, it is crucial to realise that Hart identified Rules of behaviour and rules of recognition as minimum standards for the existence of a legal system. We shall analyse the understanding of these rules later in the paper, but for now, it is important to draw a distinction to draw a parallel between these two rules and associate them with the primary and secondary rules. Primary rules may be defined as such ruled which guide behaviour of an individual by imposing duties on people, secondary rules provide for identification, change and enforcement of primary rule s. Both these rules are attached to the law of recognition and behaviour and the law works within this social pattern living in the society. Rules are present when there is a certain kind of social practice, regular behaviour together with the set of attitudes known as acceptance.2 Sovereign and Subject: Hart conceptualises that wherever there is a law, there is a sovereign, characterised negatively and positively by reference to the habit of obedience; a person or body of persons whose orders the great majority of the society habitually obey. This is the fundamental relationship between the subject and the sovereign.3 The most basic characteristic of democracy is the uninterrupted continuity of law making power by rules which bridge the transition from one lawgiver to another: these regulate the succession.4 Hart argues that in a sovereign State the laws are made through the acceptance of obedience of the majority of the people. The Constitution is the document which authorises the legislature to make laws for the people, but the legislature is not beyond the law since the power vested in him was granted by the Constitution itself. Therefore, it can be argued that the Constitution is the supreme law of the land and the law making bodies come under the purview of the Constitution. However, the lawmaker is not limited by the Constitution in order to enact laws, and he has the will to be obeyed by the

Thursday, October 31, 2019

Company Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Company Law - Essay Example In recent years, UK government measures increasingly impinge on privacy. This was after the enactment of the Regulation of Investigatory Powers (RIP) Act of 2000 that has granted more powers to the UK government to intercept different kinds of information. The main reason for the enactment of the RIP Act was to ensure that security and law enforcement agencies in the UK had enough powers granted to them, so as to be able to do their jobs effectively, especially with the growth of new technologies that have raised security concerns. With this, it is clear that â€Å"the UK views cyber attacks against individuals and corporations as civil and criminal issues that can be handled accordingly.†4 However, the act has profound effects on organizations and investors associated with the UK. Consequently, there have been concerns raised over the regulation of such powers and the fact that most investors and shareholders would prefer to only have very little of their information intercep ted and disclosed. Regulation of Investigatory Powers (RIP) Act of 2000 This act incorporates monitoring and interception of communications. â€Å"RIP dictates that every electronic communication has to be sent to the Government Technical Assistance Center (GTAC).†5 In the case that a warrant for the disclosure of information is issued, the person whom protected material is addressed to is required to disclose the information. Investigatory powers covered by the act include the obtaining of communication data, the interception of communications, hidden surveillance in particular operations, intrusive surveillance, legal right to encrypted information, and the use of undercover officers, informants, and agents.6 Under the RIP Act of 2000, all Internet Service Providers are required to intercept all communications data created, sent, or transmitted through the United Kingdom’s networks, and route it to the Government Technical Assistance Center. The RIP Act 2000 supports tipping-off of employers and companies by employees. Upon request by the government of the UK, any company official is required to surrender any requested information, and the law bares him or her from informing anyone about such an action, including the security staff, senior management, and employers.7 There are punishments for those who violate tipping-off regulations by informing others that they have disclosed private information, and such offenders get up to five years imprisonment. International companies and stakeholders associated with the UK are very uncomfortable with this law, since they might operate assuming that they hold secure company information, while the UK may have gotten well aware about it through interception. Impacts of the Regulation of Investigatory Powers (RIP) Act of 2000 The United Kingdom’s RIP Act 2000 is a great invasion of privacy for different parties. This is because the act allows interception of internet communications, gives legal right s to access of encrypted information, and allows surveillance. Companies and individuals are required by the UK

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

The Magna Carta Essay Example for Free

The Magna Carta Essay The Magna Carta is widely viewed as one if the most important documents in the history of democracy. The Magna Carta was written by a group of people in 13th century England to protect their rights and property against their oppressive king. The document provides specific laws and rules to keep the king from having too much power over the country; this very key document also inspired the American constitution and Bill of Rights. In the stories from the unit A Royal Mess it is easily identifiable why the people of England wanted a document to protect their freedoms and rights. In Shakespeare’s play Macbeth, the character Macbeth is an honorable man who becomes a bloodthirsty, power hungry king; he kills for pleasure and without reason. This would be a big reason for the Magna Carta since in the document in article 29 states that â€Å"No freeman shall be taken, imprisoned, disseised, outlawed, banished, or in any way destroyed, nor will we proceed against or prosecute him, except by the lawful judgment of his peers and by the law of the land.† This principle would have eliminated the actions of Macbeth because he as king would not have been able to kill any people without just cause or without a trial for their actions. In the play Macbeth, the thane of Cawdor was killed in battle and King Duncan took his land to give to Macbeth. This would be unjust according to the Magna Carta. The solution to the problem is stated in article 2 where it states that â€Å"If any of our earls or barons, or anyone else holding from us in chief by military service should die, and should his heir be of full age and owe relief, the heir is to have his inheritance for the ancient relief, namely the heir or hairs of an earl for a whole county 100, the heir or heirs of a baron for a whole barony 100 marks, the heir or heirs of a knight for a whole knights fee 100 shillings at most, and he who owes less will give less, according to the ancient custom of (knights’) fees.† This article is basically saying that if a royal owner of land dies the land cannot be taken from his family it must be passed down to his children or given to his wife. In Beowulf, Wiglaf banishes the geats who refuses to help Beowulf fight the dragon. Those geats would have been protected by article 29 of the Magna Carta which says that no man can be exiled from the land without a trial of his actions by judgment of his peers. The Magna Carta is relevant to our culture in the fact that it was the model for the American Constitution. This was the mold for the document that guides our free country still today. We do not need a new Magna Carta because The American Constitution and Bill of Rights are our modern day Magna Carta. Those documents protect our rights as citizens and control our government to keep our president from having to much power. Without the Magna Carta we may have never gotten our American documenst to protect us, the people who live here.

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Poor communities relocation to Braamfischerville

Poor communities relocation to Braamfischerville Chapter 1: Introducing the study area Introduction â€Å"There is a crisis in housing in the third world. Large increases in the urban population of third world countries have dramatically increased the demand for housing. ‘traditional values, and increases in urban population have resulted in the deterioration of housing conditions in larger cities† (Aldrich and Sandhu, 1995). As quoted above, housing has really been a problem in third world countries, of which South Africa is considered to be, as much as population increases has been emphasized South Africa has another distinctive and very effective factor that affected housing and development, namely apartheid, prior 1994 apartheid laws restricted the non-white population of South Africa from residing where-ever and whenever they wanted. The influx laws that controlled the movement of the non-white population were further emphasized by limited amounts of money put forth for the development of black communities. De Loor (1995:158) as cited by Oosthuizen (2002) points out that from an initial amount of R402 million that was transferred to the Department of housing during 1990/1991 for national housing developments only R4 million was used the black communities development and revolving fund, this amount only constitutes about 1% of the total amount. It is as a result of this that there were an increased nu mber of informal settlements in South Africa. After being elected as president after the first democratic elections in 1994 then President Nelson Mandela promised the South African citizens a better life for all (RDP white paper, 1994:1), a better life for all includes better living standards such as better housing, clean water, electricity, safety and better health care and etc. With the aim of achieving the goals put forth by President Nelson Mandela the Reconstruction and Development Program (RDP) was initiated early 1994. This program was mainly aimed at developing South Africa to a better country socially and economical especially the poor. The question at hand currently is whether this has been achieved thus far, Sowman and Urquhart (1998) as cited by Moolla (2008) points out that informal settlements consisting of self-built squatter camps made from a variety of materials such as corrugated iron, plastic, tin cans, wood, and cardboard are still prevalent in South African cities, this also implies that living conditions ar e difficult and very unhealthy. There are many localities in South Africa where such informal settlements are found so, with still the aim of improving the lives of South Africans the government continued the RDP and built low-cost houses for the poor. These areas where theses RDP house are being built became of much interest to academics and they became good research areas. In 2008 Raheesa Moolla of the Department of Geography, Environmental Management and Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg conducted a study on one of these newly developed areas namely, Braamfischerville, her research was aimed at understanding whether the residence of Braamfischerville where satisfied with their new homes. This research showed much dissatisfaction by the community, it shows an increase in dissatisfaction levels from 37.3% in 2002 to 44.5% in 2008 (Moolla, 2008), this is just general dissatisfaction including factors such as housing qualities and sanitation. The results from the above mentioned research stimulates an interest as to whether Braamfischerville is different from where most this people come from or not? It is important to understand this so more effective solutions can be found to put these people out of their misery. Research Questions and aims This research is aimed at understanding what new changes, if any, that the move to Braamfischerville has brought to its community, whether their satisfaction level has changed for the better or worse. The research further more aims at answering the following questions: What is the cause to such increases in dissatisfaction levels by the community? What is the communitys perception on Braamfischerville as compared to where they come from? What improvements can be made to Braamfischerville in order to make it a better place? With great considerations, this research can contribute to the governments goal to providing a better life for all by drawing attention to what the people really need i.e. what they want the government to do in order to improve their lives. Study area: Location and History Braamfischerville is located on the outskirts of Soweto, south west Johannesburg, some few kilometers away from Dobsonville (see figure 1) thus forming one of the 87 townships (Wikipedia contributors, 2009) found in Soweto characterized by formal and informal settlements, squatter settlements and shanty towns. Braamfischerville is predominantly composed of RDP houses, 30m2 on a 250m2 plot, consisting of an open plan, bedroom, lounge and kitchen, and a separate toilet (Moolla, 2008). In total Braamfischerville is made up of four phases (namely phase 1, 2, 3 4) with only main roads having been tarred since the beginning of this development in 1996. On this report only phase 1 will be investigated. Phase 1 is composed of approximately 3000 houses (Moolla, 2009; Personal communication) predominantly RDP houses, bond houses and squatter settlements. Though the governments aim with these developments was to provide basic services, such as shelter, running water, sewerage and electricity, and amenities, such as schools and clinics, in the Sowetan newspaper as cited by Moolla (2008), Mohlale (2002) reported that many of these services are still absent in this area after six years of development. Methodology In 2008 the University of Johannesburg conducted a questionnaire survey on housing satisfaction amongst the Braamfischerville residents, this survey was a revalidation of a survey of the same kind that was conducted by the former Vista University (Now known as University of Johannesburg Soweto campus) both these studies used the same survey. As this is a small scale report and posses just small differences the questionnaire from 2008 was just used as a guideline and thus some minor modifications where done. Out of the four phases that make up Braamfischerville only one phase was chosen as the target for this research, namely Phase 1. A random sample of 30 questionnaires was conducted to achieve the objective of this study. The questionnaires where answered by means of interviewing residents of RDP homes, squatter settlements and bond houses of Braamfischerville Phase 1. The questionnaire looked at demographics; socio-economical and number of years these residents resided at Braamfischerville furthermore it also aimed at understanding where most of the residents resided before Braamfischerville, the main aim of the survey was to compare Braamfischerville to where most of these residents come from thus, to achieve that, the questionnaire also looked at availability of services and accessibility of basic amenities to the residents and, as a result the comparison was scaled on a scale of 3 (where 1 is worse; 2 the same and; 3 better) and thus conclusion was drawn based on this comparison between Braamfischerville and where most residents resided before. The results of the questionnaire were captured using Microsoft excel and thus statistical analysis were conducted which resulted in graphs presented in this report. The 2008 report was used as guideline for comparative purposes. As completion of report, as will be seen in the next part, literature review was done on what has been written in regards to housing the poor, and the progress thereof. The rest of the report will be based on results from site visitation and validation, if any, of literature based on the topic of study. Chapter 2: Low cost housing defined and explained Radikeledi (2007) cites Meng et al. (2004:88) as they define low cost housing, the define it as â€Å"a type of low profit commodity housing with government subsidies and policy support aimed at providing a large number of decent homes for middle and lower-middle income house holds.† RDPs function and continuation â€Å"The RDP endorses the principle that all South Africans have a right to a secure place in which to live in peace and dignity.One of the RDPs first priorities is to provide for the homeless† (Bond, 2008). Furthermore Bond (2008) mentions key things that RDP housing must provide as follows: Protection from weather; A durable structure; Reasonable living space and privacy; Sanitary facilities; Storm-water drainage systems; Electricity and; Convenient access to clean water. To ensure that these goals are achieved the Johannesburg City council in the financial year 2007/2008 allocated a budget to the different departments. RDPs progress in Johannesburg Knight (2001:1) as cited by Radikeledi (2007) states the goal that was set by the African National Congress (ANC) after winning the election in 1994 that they will ensure that with RDP 200 000 houses will be built annually until all South African citizens are fully accommodated, especially the previously disadvantaged. In contrast, the delivery of RDP homes has been heavily criticized, not only in Johannesburg but all over South Africa. 14 years into democracy still, a variety of self made informal settlements are still prevalent in South African cities (Moolla, 2008). One of the major criticisms against the delivery of RDP homes has been the procedures followed in order for one to obtain such a house. Marx and Royston (2007) identifiers three ways in which people find opportunities to access land: Through legal procedures involving local authorities, councilor and municipal officials. Family and friendship network. Information and assistance provided by the committee members through community meetings. Ndaba (2003) as cited by Moolla (2008) found that allocation of low cost homes in South Africa was undermined by corruption and malpractice from the officials. Furthermore Moolla (2008) cites The Star newspaper (Radler, 2008) which reveals that some 830 000 people have been on the waiting list since 1994 and are still waiting for their homes. Living conditions in RDP homes ‘Matchbox House is it may be known to many, RDP homes are generally a 30m2 house on a 250m2 plot (Moolla, 2008). As cited by Moolla (2008), Haggard (2006) states that a typical RDP house consists of a toilet, open lounge, two bedrooms, kitchen and dining area (Haggard, 2006). However, Moolla (2008) states that not all RDP houses are constructed in this layout but are rather made up of an open lounge, kitchen and single bedroom with no dividing walls, and a separate toilet. Furthermore, Dangor (1998) compares the RDP houses to the old apartheid matchbox houses and in this comparison no difference was found as far as standard is concerned but much difference in size as matchbox houses are rather slightly bigger than the RDP houses was noted. Part of the objective of the RDP was the availability and accessibility of basic services and amenities respectively. Amenities include schools, clinics and transport however, Moolla (2008) states that many of these services are still absent in these areas. It is due to the absence of basic services and poor infrastructure that dissatisfaction levels regarding the area has increased by 7.2% within a period of six years i.e. 2002 2008. Chapter 3: Demographics and socio-economical characteristics of inhabitants This chapter will present findings on demographics and socio-economic characteristic of the inhabitants, also to be looked will be proximity from basic amenities and delivery of services to the residents. Research shows that migration into phase one has been trending since 1996 this can indicate the unavailability of houses in the years of low migration. Demographic and socio economic characteristics. In this regard, to be looked at is the number of people occupying per household, dominating gender and employment status of these residents. Furthermore to be looked will be where the employed portion of the residents got employed i.e. in Braamfischerville or before the got to Braamfischerville. Braamfischerville Phase 1 is dominantly composed of households consisting of 3 4 people per house, and rather astonishingly it is dominated by females. Also evident from table 3.1 is that most these residents are aged between 31 and 40, educational qualifications show that most these people, especially the dominant age group, have at least a grade 12/matric qualification but yet employment levels are really low and thus most of the population is self employed by means of small businesses such as spaza shops and other retail services. A rather fascinating finding is that, as much as the governments aim with the RDP is to empower the poor statistics show that 27% of residents in phase 1 are renting the property they live on from owners who do not even live in the neighborhood. This puts much emphasis and reasoning to the criticisms mentioned in the previous chapter as far as RDP housing distribution is concerned. Proximity to basic services and amenities Braamfischerville appears to be rather dominated by Spaza shops with one large Spar supermarket for formal groceries. There was no clinic, police station or pension pay out point seen in phase 1, residents complain that to get these services they are forced to go to Dobsonville which is located just e few kilometers from their homes. Overall delivery of services is rather poor in this area as the most important services are located very far from residents and they have to pay transport to get to them. Living in Braamfischerville Having to have looked at demographics, socio-economic characteristics as well as proximity from basic services residents where asked to compare Braamfischerville to where they resided before. The majority of residents prefer to have rather remained where they come from. Reasons for such dissatisfaction from residents include that stated by Moolla (2008) of poor infrastructure, houses are leaking, poor service by municipality, absence of police for security reasons, no tarred road, unemployment, poor sanitation, no library and recreational facilities and unreliable transport systems. These results are of much surprise as the government intentions with areas such as Braamfischerville is to make sure everyones needs are satisfied. A large number of Braamfischerville residents come from areas such as Meadowlands and Alexandra; these areas are perceived to be of rather unhealthy, unsafe and just poor living conditions thus, to understand these results literature review was conducted about the most prominent area where these people come from. An overview on Alexandra Established in 1905, Alexandra is thus the oldest township in Gauteng but also one of the poorest of the province. Alexandra is located north east of Johannesburg some 3kms away from Sandton. It is characterized by lack of infrastructure, overcrowding and high rates of crime. The lunchbox fund (2008) highlights that this overcrowding has put much pressure on service delivery thus most shacks have no electricity and only 65% of household have access to piped water. Alexandra is made up of three different regions separated by the Jukskei River. To the west of the river one encounters the Old Alexandra predominantly composed of informal dwellings, three hostels and a block of flats, just to the east of the river lies East Bank which is predominantly middle class households. The Far East Bank which was developed recently is composed mainly of RDP houses (Wilson, 2008). Unlike other townships, Alexandra is rather very small, extending over approximately 800 hectares of land and ironically is home to about 350 000 people (Dlamini, 2008). Wilson (2008) reveals that of the 350 000 people, 70 % of them where young people aged below 15 and 35 years with a 1:1.22 ratio between male (60%) and female (61%). Former President Thabo Mbeki allocated a budget of R1.3 billion to the development of Alexandra in February 2001 (Dlamini, 2008). This budget was to be spread over seven years but when 2008 came was extended by two more years. This budget gave rise to the Alexandra Renewal Project (ARP) which then initiated the project by building about 90 000 RDP structures and also renewed the hostels and built a clinic. The ARP is still active and is renewing Alexandra to a suitable place for all. â€Å"The de-densification process has been highly successful. The relocation exercise since 2001 to new developments in Dieplsloot, Braamfischerville and Far East Bank extensions provided approximately 11 000 families with new homes. The ARP Housing strategy envisage the further relocation of 15 000 families out of Alexandra† (Dlamini, 2008). Conclusions As a result of poor services and unavailability of basic amenities, 63% of Braamfischerville residents are very dissatisfied with their new homes and prefer to have stayed where the resided before Braamfischerville or be relocated to a better area. The overview on Alexandra has shown that there is much progress in the development of the township, further more, all amenities that are absent in Braamfischerville are present in Alexandra, the only advantage Braamfischerville has over Alexandra would be that if these people had remained in Alexandra they would possible still be living in shacks and other informal dwellings not that they would complain much as research has shown that 44.5% of the population is not satisfied with the houses in general either way. This dissatisfaction levels will continue to grow until the government intervenes and start targeting areas of low satisfaction levels and attend to all basic needs, this will result in RDP houses being homes where people live with pride in and not show the clear distinction between the poor and the wealthy.

Friday, October 25, 2019

Sammy in Updikes A&P Essay -- John Updike

The main character in John Updike's short story â€Å"A&P† is Sammy. The story's first-person context gives the reader a unique insight toward the main character's own feelings and choices, as well as the reasons for the choices. The reader is allowed to closely observe Sammy's observations and first impressions of the three girls who come to the grocery store on a summer afternoon in the early 1960s. In order to understand this short story, one must first recognize the social climate of the era, the age of the main character, and the temptation this individual faces. Sammy is a product of his generation. In the 1960s the social climate was changing. The new ideas of the youth were taking over the traditions of their parents. Music and the drug culture began to change the perspective as more people were listening to rock and roll music and experimenting with mind-altering drugs in an effort to free themselves from the strict societal demands of the 1950s. Sammy demonstrates this as he describes his work uniform - the bow tie and apron. This can also be observed when Sammy's manager, Le... Sammy in Updike's A&P Essay -- John Updike The main character in John Updike's short story â€Å"A&P† is Sammy. The story's first-person context gives the reader a unique insight toward the main character's own feelings and choices, as well as the reasons for the choices. The reader is allowed to closely observe Sammy's observations and first impressions of the three girls who come to the grocery store on a summer afternoon in the early 1960s. In order to understand this short story, one must first recognize the social climate of the era, the age of the main character, and the temptation this individual faces. Sammy is a product of his generation. In the 1960s the social climate was changing. The new ideas of the youth were taking over the traditions of their parents. Music and the drug culture began to change the perspective as more people were listening to rock and roll music and experimenting with mind-altering drugs in an effort to free themselves from the strict societal demands of the 1950s. Sammy demonstrates this as he describes his work uniform - the bow tie and apron. This can also be observed when Sammy's manager, Le...

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Family Counseling Approach Research Paper Essay

Family Counseling Approach Research PaperLiberty University Abstract Family counseling is a concept that is aimed at relating with couples as well as families who are in relationships considered as intimate. This helps to foster and facilitate development changes as it gives viewpoints of transformation as a way of relations among members of a family. Family counseling has a mission for all relationships in a family setting to be healthy psychologically he or she must have good family relationships. This is also referred to as family therapy (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013). The way in which family counseling is conducted has its roots from a rather theoretical approach which brings out a common position regarding the practice and theory of counseling. However for this reason there exist several important roles of therapy in counseling that consists of various dissimilar approaches. In a particular theory, the different viewpoints have a similar foundation based on the fact that they sh are particular fundamental characteristics which differentiate from the outlooks in other dissimilar theories (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013). The humanistic theory, psychodynamic theory and cognitive behavior related theory are the three most common theories known to have the most impact on a family in counseling. Amongst these three theories this paper will explore and explain family counseling approach of the Psychoanalytic therapy and its approach (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013). This paper will also explain five commonly used family therapy theories which are strategic, systematic, intergenerational, structural, and experiential. This will paper also give biblical views to the psychodynamic theory and its biblical approach (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013). Family Counseling Approach One major approach of family therapy is that of the psychoanalytic family therapy. This view point argues that there exists both subjective and objective interdependence among people who are deemed to be a family. The objective interdependence occurs as a result of the hierarchy generation among generations and the division of labor within the involved subjects (Stierlin, Helm, 1977). This approach was born as a result of various studies that were conducted. At some time, there arose some difficulties in relation to handling the health of the well-being of certain patients and this made therapists take concern on these specific families, in which was seen as pathogenic. However, for those families the patients examinations  were carried out and the precise modes of the functionality of the findings was observed and highlighted. Researchers therefore carried out some studies in order to illustrate the type of communication present among members of the family (Stierlin, Helm, 1977). This information retrieved from researchers was found to be very helpful in further studies it was used in system family psychoanalysis. However the studies on groupings were carried out in a field of psycho sociology and from a psychoanalytic stand point it anticipated new thoughts, for instance it explored the grouping mentality, inter-fantasizing, and the grouping conveyance (Stierlin, Helm, 1977). Psychoanalysts used a group of families that comprise of members with a similar life they used families from the past and present life for these experimental purposes. Scholar Freud recommended the conception of telepathic apparatus to give an explanation for the being of psychological aspects related with this apparatuss capacity to allocate and change telepathic power (Papp Shirk, 1994). Making use of this apparatus, Ren faked the model of grouping psychic apparatus, which he describes as an efficacious and intermediary fiction which is on the outlook for becoming an actual building o f a solid group (Stierlin, Helm, 1977). Based on this, therapists in the family line conceptualized a family unit grouping intellectual equipment that started off archaically in the persons intuitive and the extrasensory details of the Trans generational custom (Stierlin, Helm, 1977). Due to this combination, there was creation of an insensible psychic origin, universal to family members who comprised of the group. This induced a sense of belonging experience which came with a sensation of familiarity (Stierlin, Helm, 1977). Desires of individuals were reflected on the line of psychic this however was where they got their content from. The FPA, family psychic apparatus is a contradictory co-construction created from the basics of inner group sensation of every member of the family, in addition to rudiments of a universal psyche as well as of the societal group. FPA as a class entails the sexual character of the tasks dynamic in family relationships (Stierlin, Helm, 1977). In psychoanalysis, this intuitive association of the family collection was taken in around the outline projected by the therapist. The psychoanalyst makes certain psychic safety, permitting the employment of the remedial procedure during the open expression necessary for the steadiness of tempora ry situations, the verity  that the period of the treatment is not known prior, and the rule of self-restraint (Stierlin, Helm, 1977). In their interpretation and involvement psychoanalysts focused particularly on a family group, this part was based on the transfer/counter-transfer. However, family psychotherapy calls for preface effort to permit the family grouping to agree to this extraordinary state of affairs. Maurice Berger according to Stierlin Helm, (1977) came up with a new theoretic-clinical part, in which suggestion to the collection of people and to psychiatric therapy was set aside (Stierlin, Helm, 1977). Berger studied the Winnicotian models, and came up with the assumption that the structure of the model was not known in advance by the psychoanalysts, although it had to been created in the company of the family, however at that time his opinion of therapy was denied and avoided (Stierlin, Helm, 1977). The teaching of family psychoanalysts needs a private psychoanalysis, although it is essential to enclose psychoanalytical understanding with associates of an individuals own relations but it is still free to deliberate (Stierlin, Helm, 1977). Family therapy supplies an objective production of the main conceptual underpinnings and medical actions bein g practiced in the field. When modern and traditional approaches to family counseling are presented together with techniques and perspectives, relevant and useful content emerges that helps those in this specific field. These techniques and perspectives also work as a guide for students taking this study to become better family therapists (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013).A theory is described as putting together verified observed occurrences into various fundamental principles. These are measure of how effective a theory is when it produces confirmed forecasts in the occasion when appropriate experimental data is composed (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013). According to Goldenberg Goldenberg (2013) there are many times in the field of counseling that a theory receives either certification or confirmation as an indicator of its accuracy of how it actualities and strengthens the families circle. In the context of family counseling, the family therapy and counseling serves the purposes of creating research, creating languages as well as making a theoretical frame work (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013). Therapists must make good just decisions on how to perceive and understand the clients that their counseling, thi s must be done in a manner in which a counselor knows how to handle clients needs as wellas how to answer them on a step to step basis during therapy and during their counseling   sessions (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013). Theories offer counselors ideas that permit them to think analytically on issues of human growth and healing progression. Therapy and counseling theories may be observed as having four chief scopes where they too can be adequately acknowledged. These dimensions include the assumption used by the theory, a justification of the attainment of unhelpful and obliging behavior, a justification of how to maintain the identified behavior and a justification on how to aid the clients to transform their behavior and merge their achievements at the end of counseling session (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013). The most commonly used family therapy theories are strategic, systematic, intergenerational, structural, and experiential. Systematic family counseling theory has the basic viewpoint as a family should cooperate and work communally taking the problems faced by an individual as a problem to the entire family (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013). It is for this reason that therapists depending on this theory ensure that members of a family constantly interact among themselves as this helps in developing the types of relati ons present in the family as well as how every member identify the others (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013). After observing the interaction, the therapists then need bring in character to role and demonstrate to clients and member of how to deal with various problems in different ways. When the family members get to perform such actions blame game is avoided and they are in a position to experience life in a family setting together (Guttman, 1991). Structural family therapy theories employ connections and watching of kins structures to establish on the tribulations that call for special attention and change. The counselor turns out to be straightforwardly involved and may possibly operate as a member of the family in order to aid in performing communication (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013). Analysis of family communication is required to recognize crisis areas and generate a way out to permit the family entity to keep away from misapprehension and oral barriers. A number of key techniques applied in this family psychoanalysis practice are reframing, distortment, reorganization, and acting out (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013). Experiential therapy puts some emphasis on discharging sincere feelings, talking about the present, and satisfying ones tasks. This works a great deal in avoiding  the blame game as well as reducing chances of emotional problems which are known to cause stress at home. There are many supplementary family therapy suppositions, and clients can go through more than one prior to getting a therapy that works for the family unit (Napier, Whitaker, 1978). Broad studies have been conducted on nearly all of these theories, and clients should delve into curriculums to settle on which one may well be most appropriate for their exact family issues (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013). Strategic therapy is regularly applied in order to handle an individuals problems by using the members of his or her family. Counselors who employ strategic family therapy theories are concerned in the interpersonal skills, background of the family, in addition to association dynamics. A number of methods entail scheming a genogram, this in which permits the clients and the counselors to build a family hierarchy (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013). W hen counselors are trying to establish the cause of particular problem, knowing information of the extended family as well as immediate relations can work a great deal during the counseling process (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013). Similar to strategic therapy, intergenerational family psychotherapy theories are also based on a transfer process in which feelings, stress, and conducts are transmitted from age group to age group, from the above theories, the theory of choice is the experiential therapy that stresses on actualization, growth, choice, self-determination and freedom. It is different with the other theories that this one describes that once various methods are applied, they occur from the counselors perceptive and impulsive reaction to the existing situations then and are made in a way that boosts the awareness of the patients of the potential they possess as well as open ways of relatives relations (Napier, Whitaker, 1978). On the other hand, its similarity with the other theories emphasizes on the importance of closeness between the counselor and client to achieve better results. Nearly all theories pinpoint this as the whole process of family counseling is an interactive session (Napier, Whitaker, 1978). There is a theory that I thought stood out amongst the rest, intergenerational family counseling theory, there is truly a way in which behavior, anxiety and emotions can be transmitted from one generation to another (Napier, Whitaker, 1978). In the past this had not occurred to me that definitely this could happen but now with the knowledge of the intergenerational theory, it has certainly  occurred to me that if these theories are applied correctly they can be used in my future counseling career (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2013). Before changing specifically into how I would integrate my faith in family counseling approach, it is fundamental to appreciate how religion and spiritual ethics have appeared to be integrated into psychoanalysis in the recent times (Hathaway, 2005). A certain association concerned in this practice is the Association for Spiritual, Ethical, and Religious Values in Counseling, which is a part of the American Counseling Association. This was created out of an amalgamation of several organizations, which had a common need of wanting to handle topics and questions of the ways in which counseling integrates religion (Miranti, 2010). In general, ASERVICs function is to guide the counselors already in the field and teach them to integrate ethical, religious and spiritual principles into their operations. My faith is Christianity and therefore in this section, I will give my views on the Christian perspective to family counseling. In this study my faith in God is developing as an ever-changi ng way to a positive life, as well as a optimistically oriented concentration directing to anothers own troubled life, The Christian family counselor is an individual who is based in the biblical ethical structure, and who tries to help other people, in their aspirations, in efforts of restructuring their family according to the framework (Hagedorn, 2005). This kind or restructuring will entail pinpointing the issues not resolved from the original family and coming up with ways to deal with them by evaluating patterns among generations and handling the bondages in generations, assisting in the cognitive reorganization of the unreasonable thinking trends of the family (Hagedorn, 2005). I believe that God is real and he can do anything but fail, there is people in this world that is only for self, money and evil, They come in all shapes and sizes and these people reside in every profession that we can think of. During these last eight weeks I have learned a lot about many different theories of counseling, I have learned about their approaches there meanings and how they was intergraded, but however, until this paper I never learned how God was intergraded into these theories or what purpose did he serve in making these theorist successful intergrading these theories. I feel that the students need the biblical views as well as the knowled ge of these theories in this class. Sometimes just to know that God  and that Godly people are there means a whole lot to a person that has been through hell and high water. I have learned that Counseling and Psychology from a Christian stand point deals with the core and the nature of man. We as counselors need to be aware that struggle of our clients is real in this profession it is not about us. it is about our clients and their families. This is why God is very much needed in this profession. When we are counseling our clients the methodology must be consistent with a theological interpretation of man and mans social context. God cannot and will not allow us as counselors to choose goals or methods to achieve certain goals that will violate the Biblical principles of his holy words (Hagedorn, 2005). In addition, I will make an effort to apply the patient identified theory as well as include the entire family in which the client comes from to make client session a success. My biblical view of this approach is that psychoanalysts family is seen as an entity to God and is grounded on togetherness because what affects one individual, affects the whole family (Richards, Bergin, 2005). The entire family in this case may not specifically refer to only the nuclear family bu t also to the extended family as well. This viewpoint coincides with my faith, As a Christian we are taught to take care of one another and more so love your neighbor as love yourself. When conducting therapy and counseling family members with problems, I feel that there it is a Godly way of extending the love and care for one another. Also, when carrying out the therapy, I aim at ensuring that the problems of my clients are well handled and to the best of my ability the problem is in remission to be solved. I believe that there is a Christian way of handling issues as it signifies keeping an eye on our Godly brothers and sisters. Research has verified that a well-built Christian belief assists lots of believers to courageously handle the difficulties of life. It is for this reason that I believe that incorporating Christian faith in counseling sessions is helpful to clients and there immediate families. In my approach, I plan to be fair firm and consistent with all my clients, this comes of the spirit, soul, body, and the eight main conditions, and the supernatural supremacy of God are all incorporated. First, listening to the particular patient and family members is the key for the purposes of initial assessment. I would then begin Genogram and come up with a therapy and diagnosis plan (Hagedorn, 2005). On a Chri stian  perceptive, the plan should be made in consultation with the parties involved who in this case include family members and the identified patient. According to my Christian faith a family is a unit made up of husband, wife and their children, either their own or adopted ones. Other than the nuclear family, the Bible also recognizes the extended family that is comprised of relatives who are related either by marriage or by blood (Hagedorn, 2005). It is evident that when God asked Cain where his brother Abel was he responded by asking whether he was his brothers keeper. This implies that God wants us to be our brothers keeper. That is why I would incorporate this in the counseling sessions by involving all family members while handling the problems of one of them. I would then do a complete genogram for the patient and then come up with a listing of the sufferings of the patient (Hagedorn, 2005). During my session, I would ensure my client that he or she will get to learn me, and feel that he or she can trust me as well. According to Christian faith, is good to help a person improve their life. By identifying the problems, this will work a great deal in knowing exactly what is bothering the patient. From a systemic viewpoint, the relatives and therapists mu st identify and bear in mind that the relatives, the entire, is superior to the character parts (Gold, 2010). While applying this approach, I would integrate my Christian faith by understanding and focusing on some three critical factors. These include rules, roles and relationships (Kostenberger, Johns, 2004). By concentrating on the connection among the family members, I would not only be seeking to help the communication among them and acknowledgment of one anothers opinions and mind-sets, but also intending to establish a room where advancement can more easily be realized. After this, I would conduct a session of acceptance or what is known as assertiveness training. Then, lasting solutions will be provided of the various pinpointed problems. If for instance the problems of the patient include addiction, anxiety, depression and guilt and shame, I would give a lasting solution for each. In depression, I would ensure that the client will not only stop experiencing pain and incidences of hopelessness but also will experience happiness which is the lasting solution (Richards, Bergin, 2005). For shame and guilt, the patient will not only learn to grant forgiveness to them but will also gain knowledge of how to forgive others for future purposes. In anxiety, I will not only calm the patient down but  also ensure that he or she acquires a peace of mind thereafter. For addition which is affecting most people nowadays, the patient will not only get sober but will also become as whole. While handling the patient, I would consider at Thrive that he or she is not a disorder but a person (Grimm, 1994). The Christian faith teaches that we are beautiful and acceptable to the eyes of the Beholder and that serve to God is like service to man. It is for this reason that the approach in use does not view patients as a set of symptoms or just a chance to make money but it views the client like any other human being. Lastly, the morals of love and forgiveness, which are fundamental standards of Christianity, are fundamental to the family counseling. This means love of the family members to the affected individual in all manner of ways (Hagedorn, 2005). I would there apply that by ensuring that the relatives of the affected party get to understand the importance of loving that individual and not discriminating him or her. By doing this, he or she feels accepted to the world at large. As for forgiveness, as earlier mentioned the individual should be taught to forgive themselves and the relatives should learn to forgive the identified individual in situations where he or she may have done a wrong to either of them. These Christian values can therefore be integrated in family counseling approach. As for the integration section ab ove, one conclusion that can be drawn is that it is possible for one to integrate Christian faith values and principles while using the various counseling approaches. Conclusion In conclusion I have learned that this study focused on the selected approach of psychoanalyst and experiential therapy theory although the results of this integration section can be used to examine other approaches and theories as well. However, therapists and counselors worldwide should consider integrating their faith/religion while handling patients and their families. This is important as it helps those in the counseling area of expertise serve the patients better and professionally to make them better than they were before. References: Evans, J., Evans, K. (2007).Marriage on the rock. Ventura, CA Regal Books. Gold, J. M. (2010). Counseling and spirituality Integrating spiritual and clinical orientations. Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Education Inc. Goldenberg, H., Goldenberg, I. (2013). Family therapy An overview (8th Ed.). Pacific Grove, CA Brookes/Cole. Grimm, D. W. (1994). Therapist spiritual and religious values in psychotherapy. 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